Dick and Carey model
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The
Dick and Carey Instructional Design Model is a systematic approach to designing
effective learning initiatives. This model consists of ten steps that can be
divided into three phases: Analysis, Design, and Development.
Analysis Phase:
Identify
Instructional Goals: The first step is to identify the instructional goals and
objectives. This step involves identifying the knowledge, skills, and attitudes
that the learners need to acquire.
Conduct Instructional Analysis: In this step, the designer analyzes
the content to be taught and the learners' characteristics, such as their prior
knowledge, learning styles, and motivation.
Analyze Learners and Contexts: This step involves identifying the
characteristics of the learners, including their educational and cultural
backgrounds, and the learning environment.
Design Phase:
Write Performance Objectives: This step involves
writing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART)
performance objectives. These objectives define what the learners should be
able to do after completing the instruction.
Develop Assessment Instruments: In this step, the designer develops
assessment instruments to measure the learners' performance. These instruments
may include tests, quizzes, or other evaluation methods.
Develop Instructional Strategy: This step involves developing an
instructional strategy based on the analysis conducted in the previous steps.
The designer selects the appropriate instructional methods, media, and
materials.
Develop and Select Instructional Materials: In this step, the designer develops
or selects the instructional materials that will be used to deliver the
instruction. These materials may include textbooks, handouts, multimedia, or
other resources.
Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation:
This step involves conducting formative evaluation to assess the effectiveness
of the instruction. The designer uses feedback from learners and instructors to
revise and improve the instruction.
Revise Instruction: Based on the feedback received in the previous step, the
designer revises the instruction to improve its effectiveness.
Design
and Conduct Summative Evaluation: In this step, the designer conducts summative
evaluation to assess the overall effectiveness of the instruction. The designer
uses the results of the summative evaluation to make further improvements to
the instruction.
In summary, the Dick and Carey Instructional Design Model is a systematic approach
to planning and designing effective learning initiatives. By following the ten
steps outlined above, instructional designers can create instruction that meets
the needs of the learners and helps them achieve their learning objectives.
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